National Health Mission

(By Sehmeet singh (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons)

National Health Mission

National Health Mission (NHM 2012-2017) is an initiative undertaken by the Government of India for the development of under reserved areas. It mainly focuses on universal access to quality oriented and affordable health care services. It consists two sub missions- National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and National Urban Health Mission (NUHM). The main components include  Health System Strengthening,Reproductive Maternal Neonatal Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCH & A) , communicable and non communicable diseases in rural and urban areas.

Goals

• Reduce MMR to 1/1000 live-births
• Reduce IMR to 25/1000 live-births
• Reduce TFR to 2.1
• Prevention of anemia in women
• Prevent mortality and morbidity from communicable and non communicable diseases
• Reduce annual incidence and mortality of TB by half
• Reduce incidence of leprosy to zero
• Kala Azar elimination by 2015

National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) 

It is launched in 2005 and envisages to provide equitable, affordable and quality health care services to rural population. Under NRHM, a special focus gives to Empowered Action Group States as well as North Eastern States, Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. A wide range of determinants of health such as water, sanitiation, education, nutrition, social and gender equality are covered. The community health workers are appointed under the NRHM, named as Accredited Social Health activists (ASHA).

National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) 

NUHM is approved by Government of India on 2013. It envisages to meet the health care needs of urban population, especially slum dwellers and other marginalized groups like rickshaw pullers, street vendors, coolies, street children and construction site workers.